Transportation - Home Base to Hong Kong

---

Battle Information

We do not have specific battle information for this soldier in our online database. For a detailed description of the battle from a Canadian perspective, visit Canadian Participation in the Defense of Hong Kong (published by the Historical Section, Canadian Military Headquarters).

Wounded Information

Hospital Information

No record of hospital visits found.

POW Camps

Transportation SE Asia to Home

No other or additional related information found. Please submit documents to us using the contact link at the top of this page.

Post-war Photo

Other Military Service

No other or additional related information found. Please submit documents to us using the contact link at the top of this page.

Death and Cemetery Information

Gravestone Image

Obituary / Life Story

Peacefully on Tuesday, November 24, 1981 at his residence, Kenneth McCulley, aged 62 years, of 132 Tupper St. North, in Portage la Prairie, beloved husband of Eliza McCulley.

Cremation. A memorial service will be held in the Chapel of the Omega Funeral Home on Thursday, November 26 at 2:00 p.m. with the Rev. Sid Walmsley officiating, assisted by the Rev. Colin Chapman.

Ken was born on December 23, 1918, son of the late Catherine and Thomas McCulley, at Winnipeg, where he was raised and received his education. He was employed as an apprentice upholsterer with Healy and Day. In 1934 he enlisted with the Reserve Canadian Army and in 1939 he was called to active service with the Winnipeg Grenadiers. He served in Bermuda, Jamaica and in Hong Kong, where he was taken prisoner of war from December 23, 1941 until his release at the end of the war.

He returned to Winnipeg and in 1945 moved with his family to Portage where he operated McCulley’s Upholstering Shop until his retirement in 1978.

He was a member of the Hong Kong Veterans Association, he was a life member and presently past president of the Army, Navy and Air Force Veteran’s of Canada Unit No. 13, a member of the Canadian Order of Foresters, a member of the 13th Field Battery Officers Mess, the Portage Seniors Curling Club, the Pine Falls Seniors Golf Club, a member of the Portage Volunteer Fire Fighters for 23 years and a member of St. Mary’s Prairie Anglican Church.

Predeceased by his parents, he leaves to mourn his passing, his loving wife Eliza; two sons, Jim and daughter-in-law Rosalene of Victoria, B.C. and Ken and daughter-in-law Linda of Portage; four daughters, Mary (Mrs. George Game) of Comox, B.C., Barbara (Mrs. Terry Andres) of Pinawa, Man., Valerie (Mrs. Robin Walmsley) of Winnipeg and Miss Donna McCulley of Winnipeg; 15 grandchildren. Also surviving are two brothers, Thomas of Taber, Alberta and John McCulley of Montreal, P.Q.; one sister, Betty (Mrs. Bill Sarginson) of Victoria, B.C., and several nieces and nephews. He will be sadly missed by his family and many friends.

Should friends so desire, memorial donations may be made to the Salvation Army Service Fund, care of 220 Duke St., Portage la Prairie.

Funeral arrangements are in care of The Omega Funeral Home.

Links and Other Resources

There may be more information on this individual available elsewhere on our web sites - please use the search tool found in the upper right corner of this page to view sources.

Facebook has proven to be a valuable resource in the documentation of 'C' Force members. The following link will take you to any available search results for this soldier based on his regimental number. Note: results may be contained within another related record. Facebook Search Results

→ Related documentation for information published in this report, such as birth information, discharge papers, press clippings and census documents may be available via shared resources in our HKVCA Vault. It is organized with folders named using regimental numbers. Use the first letter of the individual's service number to choose the correct folder, then scroll to the specific sub-folder displaying the service number of your interest.

General Comments

H6039 Kenneth MCCULLEY July 24/1948 to Eliza (Iza) Sarginson at Winnipeg MB.

Reunion planned for former PoWs

By AL HERRON, Staff Reporter

Former Hong Kong prisoners of war living in Nova Scotia will hold a reunion Friday in Citadel unit. Army, Navy, Air Force Veterans Association hall, Maynard Street, eight to nine p.m.

Although an active Hong Kong prisoners association exists in western Canada, Ken McCulley, of Portage la Prairie, Man., who is organizing this reunion, says this is the first attempt to get the former prisoners together in Nova Scotia.

There are 21 ex-prisoners known to be living in Nova Scotia, Mr. McCulley said, and probably more. He said all efforts at contacting the old soldiers have met a great response, and he hopes to follow the first organizational efforts now with a reunion of all former prisoners in the four Atlantic provinces in mid-summer. There are more than 100 in the Atlantic area, he says, members of the two Canadian regiments stationed in Hong Kong - the Winnipeg Grenadiers and Royal Rifles of Canada - when the Japanese overran the garrison in 1941.

A local regiment, the Princess Louise Fusiliers alerted originally in early war days for transfer to the Hong Kong garrison, was replaced by the Royal Rifles.

Mr. McCulley served with the Winnipeg Grenadiers, and was taken prisoner in 1941. He spent four years in Sham Shui Po prisoner of war camp, until war's end in 1945. Sham Shui Po, was in Kowloon, across the harbor from Hong Kong.

Hong Kong prisoners are reputed to have suffered more than any other group of allied prisoners and practically none are without severe after effects from more than four years of starvation, malnutrition and brutality.

Mr. McCulley said about 20 per cent of those taken prisoner at Hong Kong did not survive the ordeal. A common complaint is loss of sight.

The prison camp, Mr. McCulley said, was an old British army barracks which had been looted and vandalized before the prisoner occupation. Everything had been removed, the windows were all broken and there were no washroom or toilet facilities.

Prisoners were given no issue of blankets, eating or cooking utensils over the entire period. An occasional issue of wormy brown, unpolished rice and potato leaves were given to the prisoners, uncooked. They had to find their own methods of getting it cooked.

Mr. McCulley, with a group of others, found a sewer catch basin which became the container in which they boiled their rice and potato leaves.

He remembers two occasions in which there was a variety given to their fare. A supply of eggs was given them on one occasion, he recalls. The Chinese have some way of preserving eggs over long periods, he explained, and these eggs were dated, showing them to be over 100 years old. Some contained nothing but dust, he said, while the ones in better condition were about the consistency of hard boiled eggs - “almost good", he said.

On another occasion the Japanese opened the gates and drove in 10 pigs - then closed the gates and let the prisoners figure out their own solution to butchering and cooking the hogs, with no knives or other necessary tools. Mr. McCulley refrained from describing how the job was accomplished.

Clothing wore out, and the only clothing issue the guards made to the prisoners was G- strings. Prisoners were supposed to receive one Red Cross parcel a month, but the only parcels the Hong Kong prisoners saw were 2 1/2 parcels in the four years.

Originally there were about 5,000 prisoners in the Sham Shui Po camp, Mr. McCulley said, but at the end of the first year the malnutrition and brutality began to have their effect. It was then that the men began to die. Some were removed to other camps, and at liberation the number of prisoners was sharply reduced, though he doesn't know how many survived in the camp.

Anything the Japanese construed as a breach of discipline brought what Mr. McCulley called "instant beatings,” the brutality was followed by a cut in the meagre rations. On one occasion, he recalls, four men escaped. “They didn't get far. When they were caught their heads were chopped off.”

Despite the starvation the prisoners were constantly at hard labor. Mr. McCulley says the biggest job was building an airport for the Japanese at Kai Tac. One runway had to be lengthened considerably to take the bigger aircraft, but there was a hill in the way. The prisoners removed the hill and hauled it across the airport to the lower side, where it was spread and levelled. The hill was moved in ancient trolleys, pulled by two men, until the trolleys wore out, then the men carried the earth across the airport in panniers hanging from a yoke across their shoulders.

One morning Mr. McCulley awoke early, and going down to the river which served as washroom and lavatory, he discovered there were no guards. Investigation by the prisoners discovered the guards at their headquarters hut, kneeling on the floor, foreheads on the ground as they listened to a speech by the emperor on the radio. “We knew immediately that the war was over,” said Mr. McCulley.

The USAF dropped instructions in the prison compound to the prisoners to remain where they were and permit the Japanese to maintain policing duties until the Americans arrived. They also dropped food and vitamins.

It was a month before the prisoners were liberated by the Americans. “The first allied man we saw," said Mr. McCulley, "was a Canadian, a Warrant Officer from the Prince Robert, who came into the camp to take pictures.

All former Hong Kong POWS, widows and families are invited to the reunion Friday.

DARTMOUTH/HALIFAX NEWSPAPER January 12, 1977

---

Remembering Dad - submitted by Barabara Andres March 2021

Ken McCulley was a first generation Canadian, son of British parents, who grew up in Winnipeg, MB, surrounded by a large cadre of McCulley aunts, uncles, and cousins. Throughout his life he placed great emphasis on the value of family and friendships.

A classically trained upholsterer, he opened McCulley's Upholstery, in Portage la Prairie, MB in 1946 which he operated until 1978 when deteriorating health necessitated an early retirement. He was greatly respected in the community for the quality of his workmanship. Every client who entrusted him with their furniture deserved the best he could offer, no matter how small the job.

Ken McCulley lived his whole life with passion. His internment in Hong Kong taught him to never take tomorrow for granted and he faced challenges with obstinate determination to either overcome or get around them. He was a lifelong learner, avid debater (especially about politics), and strove to improve not only himself but also the world around him. His ordeals as a prisoner of war instilled in him a deep desire for social justice, which he made certain to pass to his six children.

He enjoyed socializing, especially if there was a drink at hand, and was a loyal friend who willingly lent a hand or an ear as needed, particularly to his fellow Hong Kong Veterans who he considered his brothers.

Ken was very active in the community serving as a volunteer ambulance driver and firefighter, St. John's Ambulance trainer, with the Army, Navy and Air Force Veterans, and with the HKVA.

He was an avid curler enjoying the strategy, skill, and camaraderie of the game and in his later life traded the relative serenity of fishing for golf, which once again afforded him the opportunity to learn a new skill while socializing.

He shared some of his wartime experiences with those outside of his HKVA family, although he was much happier discussing his time in Bermuda or Jamaica than his experiences in prison camp. As children if we didn't like what was being served for dinner he would recount the story of how he would count the maggots in his daily bowl of rice, hoping for a large number because he knew that they provided much needed protein.

He never resented the Japanese people and often commented that their soldiers were fed little better than the Allied prisoners.

While outwardly a bon vivant, Ken struggled with the mental and physical effects of his war experience for the remainder of his life. The creation of the HKVA gave him a welcome opportunity to share his struggles with others with shared experiences.

---

End of Report.

Report generated: 03 Dec 2024.